Employee and Employer Health Benefits Glossary
HRA terms every employer and employee should know.


Expense Documentation
Expense documentation is the receipts and proof needed to substantiate HRA/ICHRA reimbursements. Learn what to submit, store, and why it matters.
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Excepted Benefits
Excepted benefits are limited coverages like dental, vision, EAPs, and accident plans—often exempt from many ACA rules and used alongside ICHRAs.
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Excepted Benefit HRA (EBHRA)
An EBHRA reimburses employees tax-free for excepted benefits like dental, vision, COBRA, and certain premiums—alongside a group plan.
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Essential Health Benefits (EHBs)
Essential Health Benefits are 10 ACA-required coverage categories for individual and small-group plans. Learn what’s included, why it matters, and how EHBs affe
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Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA)
ERISA is the federal law governing many employer benefit plans. Learn SPDs, fiduciary duties, claims rules, and how HRAs/ICHRAs fit.
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Exclusive Provider Organization (EPO)
An EPO plan covers in-network care only (except emergencies), usually without PCP referrals—often cheaper than PPOs and simpler than HMOs.
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Employer Shared Responsibility Payment (ESRP)
ESRP is the ACA penalty for employers with 50+ FTEs that don’t offer affordable, minimum-value coverage. Learn triggers, amounts, and avoidance.
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Employer Mandate
The ACA employer mandate requires 50+ FTE employers to offer affordable, minimum-value coverage or face penalties. Learn thresholds, rules, and alternatives.
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Employee Classes
Employee classes group workers (full-time, part-time, location, etc.) for benefit eligibility and ICHRA allowances. Learn rules, examples, and best practices.
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Employee Census
An employee census is a roster of workforce details (ages, status, dependents, etc.) used to set up benefits like ICHRA, estimate costs, and stay compliant.
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Eligible Expenses
Eligible expenses are medical costs an HRA/ICHRA can reimburse tax-free (like premiums, copays, Rx). Learn what’s covered, what’s not, and how to verify.
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Eligible Employee
An eligible employee is someone who qualifies for an employer’s health benefits based on rules like hours worked, class, and waiting periods. Learn how it works
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Employer Identification Number (EIN)
An EIN is the IRS-issued tax ID for your business. Learn who needs an EIN, how to apply, and how it’s used for payroll, taxes, and benefits.
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Effective Date
The effective date is when health coverage officially begins. Learn how it differs from enrollment date, impacts reimbursements, and works with ICHRA plans.
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Dependent Coverage
Dependent coverage extends an employee’s health plan to family members like spouses and children. Learn eligibility rules, costs, and how ICHRAs support familie
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Dependent Care FSA (DCFSA)
A DCFSA lets employees pay eligible childcare or adult dependent care with pre-tax dollars. Learn rules, eligible expenses, limits, and deadlines.
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Dental and Vision HRA
A Dental and Vision HRA reimburses eligible dental/vision premiums and out-of-pocket costs tax-free. Learn how it works, eligibility, and setup.
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Form 1095-B
Learn what IRS Form 1095-B is, who issues it, what minimum essential coverage it proves, deadlines, and how it differs from Forms 1095-A and 1095-C.
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