Employee and Employer Health Benefits Glossary
HRA terms every employer and employee should know.


Eligible Employee
An eligible employee is someone who qualifies for an employer’s health benefits based on rules like hours worked, class, and waiting periods. Learn how it works
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Employer Identification Number (EIN)
An EIN is the IRS-issued tax ID for your business. Learn who needs an EIN, how to apply, and how it’s used for payroll, taxes, and benefits.
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Effective Date
The effective date is when health coverage officially begins. Learn how it differs from enrollment date, impacts reimbursements, and works with ICHRA plans.
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Dependent Coverage
Dependent coverage extends an employee’s health plan to family members like spouses and children. Learn eligibility rules, costs, and how ICHRAs support familie
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Dependent Care FSA (DCFSA)
A DCFSA lets employees pay eligible childcare or adult dependent care with pre-tax dollars. Learn rules, eligible expenses, limits, and deadlines.
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Dental and Vision HRA
A Dental and Vision HRA reimburses eligible dental/vision premiums and out-of-pocket costs tax-free. Learn how it works, eligibility, and setup.
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Form 1095-B
Learn what IRS Form 1095-B is, who issues it, what minimum essential coverage it proves, deadlines, and how it differs from Forms 1095-A and 1095-C.
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Coverage Start Date
Coverage start date is the day your health plan becomes active. Learn how it works for group and Marketplace plans, plus ICHRA reimbursement timing.
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Copayment (Copay)
A copay is a fixed amount you pay for care (like $25 for a visit). Learn how copays work, what they apply to, and copay vs deductible/coinsurance.
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Controlled Group
A controlled group treats related businesses as one employer for ACA size, COBRA, and benefit rules. Learn types, tests, and common pitfalls.
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Form 1095-A
Understand IRS Form 1095-A (Marketplace Statement), how it supports Form 8962 premium tax credit reconciliation, and why it matters for ICHRA users.
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COBRA Continuation Coverage
COBRA continuation coverage explained: eligibility, qualifying events, notice/election deadlines, cost rules, and alternatives like Marketplace plans or ICHRAs.
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Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (COBRA)
COBRA lets employees keep group health coverage after qualifying events. Learn eligibility, costs (up to 102%), timelines, notices, and duration rules.
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Claims Processing
Claims processing explained: how medical claims are reviewed, approved, denied, and paid—plus how reimbursement claims work with HRAs like ICHRA.
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Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP)
CHIP offers low-cost health coverage for kids in families who earn too much for Medicaid. Learn eligibility basics, what it covers, and how to apply.
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Catastrophic Plan
Catastrophic plans have low premiums and very high deductibles. Learn who qualifies (under 30 or hardship), pros/cons, and how it works with ICHRA.
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Cafeteria Plan
Cafeteria (Section 125) plans explained: pre-tax premiums, FSAs/DCFSA, key rules, nondiscrimination testing, and setup tips for SMBs.
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